Understanding Computers.

Thursday, February 4, 2010

Understanding Computers. 

 The word computer comes from the Latin word which means Computare count. In English is called to compute. By definition a computer translates into a set of electronic tools that work together, can receive data (input), process data (process) and providing information (output) as well as coordinated under the control programs stored in memory. So how can we describe the computer as follows :

1. Input Device, a device-computer hardware whose function is to enter data into computer memory, such as keyboard, mouse, joystick, etc.. 

2. Processor, is the main tool that manages all the computer activity of your computer itself. Processor consists of two main parts, namely; * Control Unit (CU), is a major component of the processor that controls all the devices installed on the computer, starting from the input devices to output devices. * Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), is part of the processor that special data processing arithmetic (add, reduce, etc.) and data logic (comparison).

3. Memory is data storage on a computer.
Memory is divided into two kinds, namely; * Read Only Memory (ROM), the memory can only be read alone, not to be changed and removed, and was filled by the computer manufacturer. The contents of ROM is required when the computer is turned on. Existing orders in the ROM part will be moved to RAM. Command in ROM include commands to read from the disk operating system, the command to check all the equipment in the unit and command system to display a message on the screen. ROM contents will not be lost even though there is no electricity. But at the present moment ROM has been developed and many kinds, including:

· PROM (PROGRAMMABLE ROM), the ROM that we can return the program to record may only once after that change can no longer be programmed.
· RPROM (Re-PROGRAMMABLE ROM ), is the development of PROM version where we can make changes repeatedly as desired.
· EPROM (Erasable Program ROM), a ROM and yangdapat we remove the program again, but how to eliminate it by using ultraviolet light. · EEPROM (Electrically Erasable ROM Program ), recent developments of the ROM mengubahdan where we can remove the program using teknikelektrik ROM. EEPROM is a type of the most widely used today.
* Random Access Memory (RAM), the name we can interpret that the RAM is a memory that can be accessed at random. RAM function is to keep our program if for a while (power on) when we turn off the computer, then all the data stored in RAM will be lost. The purpose of this RAM is the speed of data processing on the computer. In order to make the data we can not be lost as the computer is turned off, it would require an external storage media such as Floppy disk, hard disk, flash disk, PCMCIA cards and others.

4. Output Device, is a computer device that allows you to produce output, whether it's on paper (hardcopy), to the screen (softcopy) or the output of sound. For example a printer, speakers, plotter, monitor, and many others. From the description above we may conclude that the principles of computer work begins entering data from the input device, and the data processed by the CPU in such a way as we want and the data has been processed is stored in computer memory or disk. The recorded data we can see the result through the output device.